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The 1833 territorial division of Spain divided Spain into provinces, classified into "historic regions" ((スペイン語:regiones históricas)).〔 (''Real Decreto de 30 de noviembre de 1833'' ) on Wikisource; (''Real Decreto de 30 de noviembre de 1833'' ) on the official web site of the government of the Canary Islands, accessed 2009-12-31.〕 Many of these regions correspond to present-day autonomous communities of Spain〔 Eduardo Barrenechea, (Los 'gibraltares' de unas regiones en otras: Treviño, Llivia, Rincón de Ademuz... ), ''El País'', 1983-02-08. Accessed online 2000-12-30. This article comments on the persistence of the 1833 territorial division, in the context of a discussion of the remaining exclaves of various provinces.〕 and nearly all of the provinces retain roughly or precisely these borders,〔〔Daniele Conversi, (The Spanish Federalist Tradition and the 1978 Constitution ), p. 12, footnote 63. Accessed online 2000-12-31.〕 although five provinces have changed their names to reflect local languages other than Castilian Spanish〔(Spain Provinces ), statoids.com, accessed 2009-12-31. The five provinces in question are Gerona/Girona, Lérida/Lleida, and Palma de Mallorca/Illes Balears, which took Catalan names and La Coruña/A Coruña and Orense/Ourense, which took Galician names.〕 and three to match the name of a coterminous autonomous community.〔Oviedo became Asturias, Logroño became La Rioja, and Santander became Cantabria.〕〔〔〔 ==Background== Immediately after the death of King Ferdinand VII on 29 September 1833,〔 (Fernando VII ), La Monarquía Hispánica, Biblioteca Virtual Miguel Cervantes. Accessed online 2000-12-30.〕 the regent Maria Christina attempted to find a moderate third way between the absolutist Carlists—the followers of the Infante Carlos—and the liberals. This mission was given to First Secretary of State Francisco Cea Bermúdez, leader of a government that lasted only into the following January, having been unable to satisfy either side, let alone both. Despite his vain efforts to gain the support of either the liberals or the Carlists, his government undertook a major reform of the territorial division of Spain whose effects are still felt after more than a century-and-a-half: the division of Spain into provinces.〔 (Calle Cea Bermúdez ), ''ABC'', 1954-10-06, p. 17. Accessed online 2009-12-31.〕〔 Carlos Marichal, ''Spain, 1834-1844: A New Society'' (1970), Coleccion Tamesis Serie A Monografias, Volume 72, ISBN 0-7293-0057-9, p. 52 ''et. seq.'' This source gives his surnames inconsistently as ''Cea Bermúdez'' or ''Zea Bermúdez''; both are apparently in common use.〕 (A royal decree of 20 November 1833 ) ratified a plan put forth by Javier de Burgos, secretary of state for development (''secretario de estado de Fomento''),〔 Notes on item 1791: Limpieza de sangre de Francisco Javier de Burgos, (Documentación Histórica de Granada ), Instituto de Estadística de Andalucía (IEA). Accessed online 2000-12-30.〕 which created the basis for a centralized state〔Luis Moreno, (Ethnoterritorial Concurrence and Imperfect Federalism in Spain ), Instituto de Estudios Sociales Avanzados (CSIC) Working Paper 93-10, p. 12. Accessed online 2000-12-30.〕 divided into 49 provinces. All but four of the provinces received the name of their capital cities;〔 those four—Navarre with its capital at Pamplona, Álava with Vitoria, Gipuzkoa with San Sebastián, and Biscay ((スペイン語:Vizcaya)) with Bilbao〔—reflected long standing entities, and retained their historic names.〔Daniele Conversi, (The Spanish Federalist Tradition and the 1978 Constitution ), p. 12, footnote 64. Accessed online 2000-12-31.〕 Javier de Burgos's division is practically the same as the short-lived 1822 territorial division of Spain, dating from the "Liberal Trienium" (''Trienio Liberal''), but without the provinces of Calatayud, Vierzo, and Játiva; also, in contrast to the 1822 division, several provinces were given names other than those of their capitals.〔 Jesús Larios Martín. ''Dinastías reales de España: Geografía política y eclesiástica'' (1986), Ediciones Hidalguia. p. 48.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「1833 territorial division of Spain」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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